Ma hope o ka COVID-19, ua hoʻololi nui ʻia ke kālepa honua.Ke hana ikaika nei ka World Trade Organization (WTO) e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kālepa i ka wā hiki loa, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke kahua lole.ʻO kahi noiʻi hou i ka 2023 Review of World Trade Statistics a me ka ʻikepili mai ka United Nations (UNComtrade) e hōʻike ana aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hoihoi i ke kālepa honua, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻoihana textiles a me nā lole, i hoʻohuli ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻano geopolitical a me nā loli i nā kulekele kālepa. me Kina.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi haole he ʻehā mau ʻano ʻokoʻa o ke kālepa honua.ʻO ka mea mua, ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o 20% i ka makahiki 2021, ʻike ʻia ka emi ʻana o nā lole i waho i ka makahiki 2022. ʻO kēia paha ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka piʻi nui o nā mākeke lawe lole nui o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻEulopa Komohana.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka noi no nā lako maka i koi ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ua alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o 4.2% i ka hoʻoiho ʻia ʻana o ka honua i ka makahiki 2022, a hiki i $ 339 biliona.He haʻahaʻa loa kēia helu ma mua o nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka lua o ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻoiai ʻo Kina ka mea kūʻai lole nui loa o ka honua ma 2022, ʻoiai e hoʻomau ka emi ʻana o ka mākeke, ua lawe nā mea kūʻai lole ʻAsia haʻahaʻa.Ua ʻoi aku ʻo Bangladesh ma mua o Vietnam a lilo ʻo ia ka lua o ka mea kūʻai aku i nā lole.I ka makahiki 2022, ua hāʻule ka māhele mākeke o Kina i nā lole lole honua i 31.7%, ʻo ia ka wahi haʻahaʻa loa i ka mōʻaukala hou.Ua hōʻole kāna māhele mākeke ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻEulopa, Kanada, a me Iapana.Ua lilo ka pilina kalepa ma waena o Kina a me ʻAmelika i mea koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka mākeke kālepa lole honua.
ʻO ke kolu o ka hiʻohiʻona ʻo ia ka noho ʻana o nā ʻāina ʻo EU a me ʻAmelika i nā ʻāina koʻikoʻi i ka mākeke lole, e helu ana no 25.1% o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka lole honua ma 2022, mai 24.5% i 2021 a me 23.2% i 2020. I ka makahiki i hala, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua hoʻonui ʻia nā huahana textile e 5%, ʻo ka piʻi kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāina 10 kiʻekiʻe o ka honua.Eia nō naʻe, ke ulu mau nei nā ʻāina ulu waena, me Kina, Vietnam, Türkiye a me India e helu ana i ka 56.8% o nā mea hoʻoiho lole honua.
Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ke kūʻai ʻana ma waho, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāina Komohana, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona lole lole a me nā lole kālepa i 2022, a lilo i ʻehā o nā kumu hoʻohālike.ʻO ka makahiki i hala aku nei, kokoke i 20.8% o nā mea i lawe ʻia mai kēia mau ʻāina mai loko mai o ka ʻāina, kahi piʻi mai 20.1% i ka makahiki i hala.
Ua ʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻaʻole ʻo nā ʻāina Komohana wale nō, akā ʻo ka 2023 Review of World Trade Statistics ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo nā ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia i kēia manawa ke hoʻololi nei i kā lākou kumu lawe mai a hōʻemi mālie i ko lākou hilinaʻi ʻana i nā huahana Kina e hōʻemi i nā pilikia o ke kaulahao, nā mea āpau e alakaʻi hoʻonui maikaʻi.Ma muli o ke koi ʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku mai nā ʻāina like ʻole e pili ana i ke kālepa honua a me ka ʻoihana lole lole a me ka ʻoihana honua, ua ʻike piha ka ʻoihana hana i ka hopena o ke ahulau.
Ke hoʻololi hou nei ka World Trade Organization a me nā hui honua ʻē aʻe iā lākou iho i ka multilateralism, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike, a me nā manawa kūpono no ka hui pū ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, ʻoiai e hui pū ana nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi a hoʻokūkū me nā ʻāina nui loa i ka ʻoihana kalepa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-05-2023